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1
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- Scott E. Siddall
- Denison University
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2
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- We share unique software requirements
- Education is a tiny piece of the global software market place
- Who will create our software, at what cost?
- Will we have to craft our own software?
- What will be the impact of software development by for-profit education?
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3
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- Build your own?
- Bear all the development costs
- Provide all your own support
- Buy?
- Share development costs with others, plus a vendor profit
- Pay for support from vendor
- Borrow (open source)?
- No licensing costs, or share the costs
- Provide your own support, buy it, get it from the community
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4
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- Open Source Initiative
- 55 licensing models
- GNU Public License (GPL) applies to 40,000 projects at Sourceforge
- GPL, BSD, Mozilla, MIT are all popular
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5
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- Every good work of software starts by scratching a developer's personal
itch.
- Good programmers know what to write. Great ones know what to rewrite
(and reuse).
- When you lose interest in a program, your last duty to it is to hand it
off to a competent successor.
- Treating your users as co-developers is your least-hassle route to rapid
code improvement and effective debugging.
- Release early. Release often. And listen to your customers.
- Given a large enough beta-tester and co-developer base, almost every
problem will be characterized quickly and the fix obvious to someone.
- - Eric S. Raymond, 1997
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6
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- Central services and infrastructure
- Email systems, servers, network management tools
- Desktop operating systems
- Web applications
- ePortfolios, portals, course management, digital asset management,
collaboration and communication tools
- * Brad Wheeler, Indiana University
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7
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- OSS costs less than proprietary software
- OSS licensing is easy
- OSS is more reliable, fewer bugs
- OSS can be customized
- OSS is more secure
- OSS is better because it uses open standards
- OSS is by and for a community
- Proprietary software has better support
- OSS is difficult to install, distribute, migrate to
- OSS avoids vendor lock-in
- OSS reuses software elements efficiently
- Proprietary software developers have better resources
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8
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- Complex software development
- By loosely coordinated developers and contributors
- In an informal meritocracy
- software specifications are rarely written
- continuous design instead
- virtual project management
- a gentle hierarchy
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9
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- “People think just because it
is open-source, the result is going to be automatically better. Not
true. You have to lead it in the right directions to succeed.”
- - Linus Torvalds
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10
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- Purposeful coordination of work within a community
- Based on the principles of open source development
- A greater reliance on
- Defined roles
- Responsibilities
- Funded commitments
- In between the cathedral and the bazaar
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11
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- Examine the entire cost
- Licensing, hardware, support, training, documentation, migration from
legacy tools
- Ask why you are considering any application
- Are learning outcomes the driver?
- Pilot the software
- Directly involve all stakeholders; consider outsourcing the pilot
- Start with “low hanging fruit” – not mission critical applications
- Understand and plan for support needs
- Spend avoided licensing costs on local staff development
- Keep looking – new opportunities arise each week
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12
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13
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14
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15
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- Four universities – Mellon funded
- Collaboration and Learning Environment
- Community Source based on open standards
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16
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17
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18
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- Samigo as an example of flexibility
- Stanford Assignment and Assessment Manager
- Navigo (Indiana University)
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19
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- Assessment Authoring
- Assessment Publishing
- Assessment-taking Management
- Assessment Grading
- Question Pools Management
- Publishing Template Management
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20
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21
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- Library of assessments for a course
- Question & Test Interoperability XML format
- Published assessments with responses, grades
- Can be published to sections, groups in course
- Can have different release, due, retract dates
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22
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- Multiple Choice (single and multiple correct)
- Multiple Choice Survey
- True/False
- Matching
- Essay/Short Answer
- Fill in the Blank
- File Upload
- Audio Recording
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23
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- Online Test
- Self-study questions
- Homework, problem-sets
- Essay, code, or project submission
- Language drills
- Quick knowledge probes
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24
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- Unique tests for each student
- Randomized order of questions
- Randomized draw from question pools
- Timed test-taking during access window
- Auto-submit at end of timed period
- One submission only
- Higher Security
- IP Addresses restricted
- Secondary Password (proctored)
- No late submissions accepted
- Scores transferred to gradebook
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25
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- Immediate feedback
- Random access to questions during
quiz-taking
- Table of contents
- Marked for review list
- No record of score in gradebook
- No due date; always available to student
- Unlimited submissions allowed
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26
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27
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- Published with multiple release and due dates for different sections
- Multiple methods for handling late submissions
- Students can save work during assignment period.
- Auto-grading with methods for question type for diagnosing learning
problems
- Quick-reviews of student aggregate performance by instructors viewing
histograms, statistics.
- Pools for organizing questions for reuse
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28
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- Use file upload question type for submitting any type of document
- Grader can download assignment; upload marked-up file to return to
student
- Grades are recorded in gradebook
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29
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- Create Assessment “Types” for different disciplines, different uses
- Select what which choices are available to the instructor.
- Hide complexity by making choices for the type (e.g., self-study always
has immediate feedback)
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30
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31
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- A major curricular project for any campus
- Integrate e-Portfolio into CMS
- WebDAV access
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32
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- Innovators deform CMS tools to carry out learning activities
- Innovators use many tools
- Innovators burn out
- Innovations do not transfer because they are complex
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33
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34
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Notes